Grammar Basics

Day 16 · 30 Days English Challenge

Indefinite Pronouns: Someone, Anyone, Everyone and Nobody

· 5 min read

Indefinite pronouns: Person — someone / anyone / nobody; Thing — something / anything / nothing; Place — somewhere / anywhere / nowhere.

Day 16 speaking goal: Talk about people, places and things without naming every one.

Talk about people and things without naming them. Learn someone, anyone, everyone, nobody and related words.

Jump to: Rules · Compare · Examples · Self-checks · Answers

16.1 People, things and places

LearnSimple English
RuleUse -one or -body for people, -thing for things and -where for places. Someone and somebody usually mean the same thing.
PatternSomeone. Something. Somewhere.
ExampleSomeone is at the door. Something is in the bag.
WhySomeone is a person. Something is a thing. Somewhere quiet describes a place.

16.2 Some- and any-

LearnSimple English
RuleSome- is common when you say something exists. Any- is common in questions and negatives. These are common patterns, not absolute rules.
PatternSomeone is here. Is anyone here? I cannot see anyone.
ExampleWould you like something to drink? Anyone can join.
WhySome- can appear in offers. Anyone can join means every person is allowed to join.

16.3 Every- and no-

LearnSimple English
RuleEveryone means all the people you mean. Nobody means not one person. Nobody already includes a negative meaning.
PatternEveryone is ready. Nobody is ready.
ExampleI saw nobody. I did not see anybody.
WhyBoth mean I saw no people. In standard English, avoid I did not see nobody for this meaning.

16.4 Choose is and has

LearnSimple English
RuleSomeone, everyone and nobody take singular verbs: is and has. You can use they or them later for the person.
PatternEveryone is… Everyone has… If someone calls, tell them…
ExampleEveryone has a ticket. If someone forgets theirs, help them.
WhyUse has after everyone. They and them avoid choosing he or she when you do not know the person.
Choose a family and a meaning. Person: someone / anyone / nobody; Thing: something / anything / nothing; Place: somewhere / anywhere / nowhere.

16.5 Compare the patterns side by side

MeaningPeopleThings / places
Unspecifiedsomeone / somebodysomething / somewhere
Open choiceanyone / anybodyanything / anywhere
All relevant memberseveryone / everybodyeverything / everywhere
Nonenobody / no onenothing / nowhere

16.6 Everyday examples: notice the meaning

Someone is at the door.

💡 A person is there, but we do not say who.

Is anyone waiting?

💡 An open question.

Is someone at the door?

💡 The speaker may expect a visitor.

I don’t know anyone here.

💡 Any fits the negative context.

Anyone can join.

💡 Free choice, not a question.

Everyone has a ticket.

💡 Use has with everyone, not have.

Nobody is outside.

💡 One negative marker.

No one answered.

💡 No one is two words.

Something smells good.

💡 An unspecified thing.

Would you like something to drink?

💡 An offer expects a possible positive response.

I didn’t find anything.

💡 Anything fits the negative.

Everything is ready.

💡 Singular is follows everything.

Nothing is missing.

💡 Nothing supplies the negative meaning.

Let’s go somewhere quiet.

💡 A place word followed by an adjective.

You can sit anywhere.

💡 Free choice of place.

I looked everywhere.

💡 All relevant places.

There was nowhere to park.

💡 No suitable place.

If someone calls, ask them to wait.

💡 Them refers to the person meant by someone.

16.7 Common mistakes and why

❌ Everyone have a ticket.

✅ Everyone has a ticket.

Use has with everyone, not have.

❌ I didn’t see nobody.

✅ I didn’t see anybody.

“Nobody” already means no person. After “didn’t”, use “anybody” for this meaning.

❌ A useful something is here.

✅ Something useful is here.

Put useful after something: something useful.

16.8 Try it yourself

Step 1: Say where someone is and what something is.

Step 2: Ask a question with anyone.

Step 3: Make one sentence with everyone and one with nobody.

16.9 Five self-checks

Choose A or B for each question. Read the answers below after you finish.

1. Choose the missing word: “Everyone ___ ready.”
A. are
B. is

2. You saw no people. Choose the missing word: “I did not see ___.”
A. anyone
B. nobody

3. What does “Anyone can join” mean?
A. No person is allowed to join.
B. Every person is allowed to join.

4. Which word order is correct?
A. something useful
B. useful something

5. You do not know who called. Choose the missing word: “Someone called. Ask ___ to wait.”
A. them
B. they

Self-check answers and explanations

1. B — is

💡 Everyone takes is, even though it refers to many people.

2. A — anyone

💡 Use anyone after did not for this meaning. Nobody already includes a negative meaning.

3. B — Every person is allowed to join.

💡 Anyone can express free choice. It is allowed in positive sentences like this one.

4. A — something useful

💡 Put the describing word after something: something useful.

5. A — them

💡 Use them after ask. It can refer to one person whose identity is unknown.

16.10 Remember these points

Someone: a person. Something: a thing. Somewhere: a place.

Everyone is ready, not everyone are ready.

Nobody means no person.

Review any self-check you missed. Then say three examples aloud without looking.

Further reading: pronouns basics · some and any

Grammar references: Cambridge: Indefinite pronouns

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